From 1348 to the rebellion, 235 years
The Earls of Desmond
The FitzGeralds held Askeaton Castle and ruled most of Munster from it. They became 'more Irish than the Irish themselves' — spoke Munster Irish, followed Brehon Law, dressed Irish, played Gaelic games, and hosted poets for praise in return. The 7th Earl, James FitzGerald, built the banqueting hall between 1440 and 1460; it survives with an oak musicians' gallery and a limestone fireplace that speaks of feasts and politics. By the 15th Earl — Gerald FitzGerald, c.1533–1583, the Rebel Earl — the whole system was collapsing. The English were pushing surrender-and-regrant, the Earls were pushing back, and in 1579 the Second Desmond Rebellion broke out. Sir Nicholas Malby came to take the castle. The castle held. But the rebellion failed, the line fell, and the Earls were finished.
Built 1389, one of the finest cloisters in Ireland
The Franciscan Friary
The Earls founded the friary as they founded everything else — a statement of power and piety. The cloister survives, medieval stone work in four sides around an open court. In 1579, Malby sacked it, burnt what would burn, left the bones. The stones tell you what the Earls built and what war does. You can walk it now, for nothing, and see the bases of the arcade and the water course and imagine what was carried in those covered walks.
Courts, treaties, and feasts
The banqueting hall, 1440
The hall at Desmond Castle is one of Ireland's finest medieval secular buildings — a large room with a projecting tower, musicians' gallery, and a fireplace carved from limestone. The 7th Earl built it to host courts and feasts. Treaties were signed here — the Desmonds and the King of France against the English Crown, 1523. By the time the Rebel Earl sat in this hall, everything was ending. The walls remember different times.
The Second Desmond Rebellion begins
Malby and the sack, 1579
Nicholas Malby, Lord President of Connaught, came to Askeaton in 1579 to take the castle as part of the Crown's campaign against the rebellious FitzGeralds. The castle held out. Malby sacked the friary, burned it, and marched away a week later, leaving destruction behind. This siege helped spark the larger Second Desmond Rebellion, which lasted until 1583 and broke the Earls' power. From that point, the Desmonds were finished as a ruling force.