How a country got a park
Bourn Vincent Memorial Park
In 1932 the Muckross estate — house, gardens, eleven thousand acres of lake and oak forest and mountain — was handed to the Irish State by Senator Arthur Rose Vincent and his American parents-in-law, the Bourns of California. They named it after Vincent's late wife Maud, who had died of pneumonia at thirty-four. It became Ireland's first national park. UNESCO added biosphere status in 1981. The country had no national park before, and afterwards it had this one.
The jarveys
The jaunting cars
A jaunting car is a two-wheel pony trap with a side-facing bench. Killarney has had them for queen-and-empire tourism since the 1850s and they have never been out of work. The drivers — jarveys — pass the licences down the family. They line up outside Muckross House and at Ross Castle. The good ones tell you the truth about the place. The other ones quote the brochure. Tip well; ask first.
The Annals
Innisfallen
St Finian the Leper founded a monastery on the island in the middle of Lough Leane around the year 640. It ran for eight hundred and fifty years. The monks wrote the Annals of Innisfallen — a year-by-year chronicle of Irish history that is one of the main sources we have for the early medieval country. Brian Boru, by tradition, was schooled there before he became High King. You can hire a boat at Ross Castle and be on the island in fifteen minutes. The ruins are roofless and free.
Queen Victoria, 1861
Muckross House
Henry Arthur Herbert built Muckross House in 1843 — Tudor Revival, sixty-five rooms, designed by the Scottish architect William Burn. In 1861 Queen Victoria came to stay for two nights. The Herberts spent six years preparing the house and gardens for the visit. The bill, in the end, was part of what bankrupted the family. The estate was sold, sold again, and eventually given to the State. The rhododendrons Victoria walked past are still there in May.